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Phased Array Design and Analysis

Antennas, microphones, and sonar transducers, array geometries, polarization, transmitters, receivers, and acoustic transducers

Phased arrays are collections of antennas, microphones, or acoustic transducers arranged in a pattern. Arrays convert signals into radiated energy for transmission to a target. Arrays also convert incoming energy from a source or reflecting object into signals. The performance of arrays in many ways exceeds that of the individual array elements. Phased arrays have three main advantages over individual elements:

Improved spatial resolution — view more detailed resolution when localizing and imaging a target.
Electronic steering — use an array steering vector to increase detection performance in any direction.
Interference suppression — employ advanced suppression techniques, such as jammer nullification, adaptive beamforming, and high-resolution direction finding.

You can use the System objects and blocks in this toolbox to construct phased array systems. These objects and blocks include element models, array design models, and radiation and collection models. With these models, you can simulate radar, audio, and sonar systems. While the toolbox emphasizes phased arrays, you can also simulate systems consisting of single antennas, microphones, or transducers. The toolbox also provides models for transmitting and receiving amplifiers.

Highlighted Topics

Featured Examples

Array Pattern Synthesis Part I: Nulling, Windowing, and Thinning

Use Phased Array System Toolbox™ to solve some array synthesis problems.

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Array Pattern Synthesis Part II: Optimization

Use optimization techniques to perform pattern synthesis. Using minimum variance beamforming as an illustration, the example covers how to set up the pattern synthesis as an optimization problem and then solve it using optimization solvers.

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Array Pattern Synthesis Part III: Deep Learning

Train a convolutional neural network (CNN) to compute the element weights that produces a given pattern.

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Grating Lobe Diagram for Microphone URA

Plot the grating lobe diagram for an 11-by-9-element uniform rectangular array having element spacing equal to one-half wavelength.

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Modeling and Analyzing Polarization

Introduces the basic concept of polarization. It shows how to analyze the polarized field and model the signal transmission between polarized antennas and targets using Phased Array System Toolbox™.

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Modeling Mutual Coupling in Large Arrays Using Embedded Element Pattern

Model mutual coupling effects between array elements by using an embedded pattern technique. The example models an array two ways: (1) using the pattern of the isolated element or (2) using the embedded element pattern, and then compares both with the full-wave Method of Moments (MoM)-based solution of the array.

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Modeling Mutual Coupling in Large Arrays Using Infinite Array Analysis

Uses infinite array analysis to model large finite arrays. The infinite array analysis on the unit cell reveals the scan impedance behavior at a particular frequency. This information is used with the knowledge of the isolated element pattern and impedance to calculate the scan element pattern. The large finite array is then modeled using the assumption that every element in the array possesses the same scan element pattern.

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Modeling Perturbations and Element Failures in a Sensor Array

Model amplitude, phase, position and pattern perturbations as well as element failures in a sensor array.

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Patch Antenna Array for FMCW Radar

Model a 77 GHz antenna array for frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar applications. The presence of antennas and antenna arrays in and around vehicles has become commonplace with the introduction of wireless collision detection, collision avoidance, and lane departure warning systems. The two frequency bands considered for such systems are centered around 24 GHz and 77 GHz, respectively. In this example, we will investigate the microstrip patch antenna as a phased array radiator. The dielectric substrate is air.

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Phased Array Gallery

Model and visualize a variety of antenna, microphone, and hydrophone array geometries with Phased Array System Toolbox™.

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Plot Array Directivity Using Sensor Array Analyzer App

The Sensor Array Analyzer app lets you examine important properties of a phased array such as response and geometry.

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Tapering, Thinning and Arrays with Different Sensor Patterns

Apply tapering and model thinning on different array configurations. It also demonstrates how to create arrays with different element patterns.

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Using Pilot Calibration to Compensate for Array Uncertainties

Use pilot calibration to improve the performance of an antenna array in the presence of unknown perturbations.

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Using Self Calibration to Accommodate Array Uncertainties

A self calibration procedure based on a constrained optimization process. Sources of opportunity are exploited to simultaneously estimate array shape uncertainties and source directions.

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Hardware Array Data Collection and Simulation

Use an educational hardware phased array platform from Analog Devices, Inc to collect real world data and compare with simulated data using the Phased Array System Toolbox.

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