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ContextMenu Properties

Control context menu appearance and behavior

A context menu is a menu that appears when you right-click a graphics object or UI component. Use the uicontextmenu function to create a context menu and set properties. By changing property values, you can modify the appearance and behavior of a context menu. Use dot notation to refer to a specific context menu object and property. You can parent a context menu to a figure created with either the uifigure or figure function.

fig = uifigure;
cm = uicontextmenu(fig);
m = uimenu(cm,'Text','Go To File');
fig.ContextMenu = cm;

Callbacks

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Context menu opening callback function, specified as one of these values:

  • A function handle.

  • A cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.

  • A character vector containing a valid MATLAB® expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.

For more information about specifying a callback property value as a function handle, cell array, or character vector, see Specify a Callback Function.

This callback function executes when the context menu opens in response to user interaction. You can use this callback function to customize the context menu appearance based on what the user right-clicked.

This callback function can access specific information about the user's interaction with the app. MATLAB passes this information in a ContextMenuOpeningData object as the second argument to your callback function. In App Designer, the argument is named event. You can query the object properties using dot notation. For example, event.ContextObject returns information about which component the user right-clicked to open the context menu.

Note

While you can specify a ContextMenuOpeningFcn callback for any context menu, the ContextMenuOpeningData object in the callback event data is available only when the context menu satisfies both of these conditions:

  • The context menu is associated with a uifigure-based app (such as an app created in App Designer).

  • The context menu is associated with a UI component (as opposed to a graphics object, such as an Axes or Line object).

This table lists the properties of the ContextMenuOpeningData object.

PropertyValue
ContextObjectObject that the app user right-clicked to open the context menu
InteractionInformation

Information about where in the component the app user right-clicked to open the context menu. This information is stored as an object with different properties depending on the value of ContextObject.

For example, if ContextObject is a Table object, then InteractionInformation stores information about which row and column in the table the user right-clicked. For more details on the properties that InteractionInformation can have, see the next table.

SourceContext menu object that executes the callback
EventName'ContextMenuOpening'

This table lists the properties of the InteractionInformation object. The properties depend on which object the app user right-clicked to open the context menu.

ContextObjectInteractionInformation PropertyValue
AnyLocation

Location where the user right-clicked relative to the bottom-left corner of the parent container of the ContextObject, returned as a two-element vector of the form [x y].

The value of x represents the horizontal distance from the left edge of the parent container to the right-click location. The value of y represents the vertical distance from the bottom edge of the parent container to the right-click location. Distances are measured in pixels.

ScreenLocation

Location where the user right-clicked relative to the bottom-left corner of their primary display, returned as a two-element vector of the form [x y].

The value of x represents the horizontal distance from the left edge of the display to the right-click location. The value of y represents the vertical distance from the bottom edge of the display to the right-click location. Distances are measured in pixels.

TableDisplayRow

Row that the user right-clicked as it appears visually in the table, returned as a numeric scalar.

If the user has not sorted the table, then DisplayRow has the same value as Row. If the user right-clicked an area of the table UI component that is not associated with a row, then DisplayRow is an empty array.

DisplayColumn

Column that the user right-clicked as it appears visually in the table, returned as a numeric scalar.

If the user has not rearranged the table, then DisplayColumn has the same value as Column. If the user right-clicked an area of the table UI component that is not associated with a column, then DisplayColumn is an empty array.

Row

Row that the user right-clicked as it corresponds to the original table data, returned as a numeric scalar.

If the user has not sorted the table, then Row has the same value as DisplayRow. If the user right-clicked an area of the table UI component that is not associated with a row, then Row is an empty array.

Column

Column that the user right-clicked as it corresponds to the original table data, returned as a numeric scalar.

If the user has not rearranged the table, then Column has the same value as DisplayColumn. If the user right-clicked an area of the table UI component that is not associated with a column, then Column is an empty array.

RowHeaderWhether the user right-clicked the table row header, returned as a logical 0 (false) or 1 (true).
ColumnHeaderWhether the user right-clicked the table column header, returned as a logical 0 (false) or 1 (true).
TreeNode

Right-clicked node, returned as a TreeNode object.

If the user right-clicked an area of the tree that is not associated with a node, then Node is an empty array.

Level

Level of the right-clicked node, returned as a numeric scalar. Nodes parented directly to the Tree object are at level 1, nodes parented to a node at level 1 are at level 2, and so on.

If the user right-clicked an area of the tree that is not associated with a node, then Level is an empty array.

ListBoxItem

Index of the right-clicked list box item, returned as a numeric scalar.

If the user right-clicked an area of the list box that is not associated with an item, then Item is an empty array.

Object creation function, specified as one of these values:

  • Function handle.

  • Cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.

  • Character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.

For more information about specifying a callback as a function handle, cell array, or character vector, see Callbacks in App Designer.

This property specifies a callback function to execute when MATLAB creates the object. MATLAB initializes all property values before executing the CreateFcn callback. If you do not specify the CreateFcn property, then MATLAB executes a default creation function.

Setting the CreateFcn property on an existing component has no effect.

If you specify this property as a function handle or cell array, you can access the object that is being created using the first argument of the callback function. Otherwise, use the gcbo function to access the object.

Object deletion function, specified as one of these values:

  • Function handle.

  • Cell array in which the first element is a function handle. Subsequent elements in the cell array are the arguments to pass to the callback function.

  • Character vector containing a valid MATLAB expression (not recommended). MATLAB evaluates this expression in the base workspace.

For more information about specifying a callback as a function handle, cell array, or character vector, see Callbacks in App Designer.

This property specifies a callback function to execute when MATLAB deletes the object. MATLAB executes the DeleteFcn callback before destroying the properties of the object. If you do not specify the DeleteFcn property, then MATLAB executes a default deletion function.

If you specify this property as a function handle or cell array, you can access the object that is being deleted using the first argument of the callback function. Otherwise, use the gcbo function to access the object.

Callback Execution Control

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Callback interruption, specified as 'on' or 'off', or as numeric or logical 1 (true) or 0 (false). A value of 'on' is equivalent to true, and 'off' is equivalent to false. Thus, you can use the value of this property as a logical value. The value is stored as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState.

This property determines if a running callback can be interrupted. There are two callback states to consider:

  • The running callback is the currently executing callback.

  • The interrupting callback is a callback that tries to interrupt the running callback.

MATLAB determines callback interruption behavior whenever it executes a command that processes the callback queue. These commands include drawnow, figure, uifigure, getframe, waitfor, and pause.

If the running callback does not contain one of these commands, then no interruption occurs. MATLAB first finishes executing the running callback, and later executes the interrupting callback.

If the running callback does contain one of these commands, then the Interruptible property of the object that owns the running callback determines if the interruption occurs:

  • If the value of Interruptible is 'off', then no interruption occurs. Instead, the BusyAction property of the object that owns the interrupting callback determines if the interrupting callback is discarded or added to the callback queue.

  • If the value of Interruptible is 'on', then the interruption occurs. The next time MATLAB processes the callback queue, it stops the execution of the running callback and executes the interrupting callback. After the interrupting callback completes, MATLAB then resumes executing the running callback.

Note

Callback interruption and execution behave differently in these situations:

  • If the interrupting callback is a DeleteFcn, CloseRequestFcn, or SizeChangedFcn callback, then the interruption occurs regardless of the Interruptible property value.

  • If the running callback is currently executing the waitfor function, then the interruption occurs regardless of the Interruptible property value.

  • If the interrupting callback is owned by a Timer object, then the callback executes according to schedule regardless of the Interruptible property value.

Note

When an interruption occurs, MATLAB does not save the state of properties or the display. For example, the object returned by the gca or gcf command might change when another callback executes.

Callback queuing, specified as 'queue' or 'cancel'. The BusyAction property determines how MATLAB handles the execution of interrupting callbacks. There are two callback states to consider:

  • The running callback is the currently executing callback.

  • The interrupting callback is a callback that tries to interrupt the running callback.

The BusyAction property determines callback queuing behavior only when both of these conditions are met:

  • The running callback contains a command that processes the callback queue, such as drawnow, figure, uifigure, getframe, waitfor, or pause.

  • The value of the Interruptible property of the object that owns the running callback is 'off'.

Under these conditions, the BusyAction property of the object that owns the interrupting callback determines how MATLAB handles the interrupting callback. These are possible values of the BusyAction property:

  • 'queue' — Puts the interrupting callback in a queue to be processed after the running callback finishes execution.

  • 'cancel' — Does not execute the interrupting callback.

This property is read-only.

Deletion status, returned as an on/off logical value of type matlab.lang.OnOffSwitchState.

MATLAB sets the BeingDeleted property to 'on' when the DeleteFcn callback begins execution. The BeingDeleted property remains set to 'on' until the component object no longer exists.

Check the value of the BeingDeleted property to verify that the object is not about to be deleted before querying or modifying it.

Parent/Child

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Parent object, specified as a Figure object created with either the uifigure or figure function. If a parent figure is not specified, then MATLAB calls the figure function to create one that serves as the parent.

You can move a ContextMenu object to a different figure by setting this property to the target Figure object.

Context menu children, returned as an empty GraphicsPlaceholder or a vector of Menu objects.

You cannot add or remove children using the Children property. Use this property to view the list of children or to reorder the child menu items. The order of the children in this array reflects the reverse-order of how the menu items appear in an opened context menu.

For example, this code creates three context menus. When you open the context menu in the running app, Menu1 appears as the first menu option.

fig = uifigure;
cm = uicontextmenu(fig);
m1 = uimenu(cm,'Text','Menu1');
m2 = uimenu(cm,'Text','Menu2');
m3 = uimenu(cm,'Text','Menu3');
fig.ContextMenu = cm;
Context menu with three menu items.

cm.Children returns a list of the menu items in the reverse order.

cm.Children
ans = 

  3×1 Menu array:

  Menu    (Menu3)
  Menu    (Menu2)
  Menu    (Menu1)

Objects with the HandleVisibility property set to 'off' are not listed in the Children property.

To add a child to this list, set the Parent property of another Menu object to this ContextMenu object.

Visibility of object handle, specified as 'on', 'callback', or 'off'.

This property controls the visibility of the object in its parent's list of children. When an object is not visible in its parent's list of children, it is not returned by functions that obtain objects by searching the object hierarchy or querying properties. These functions include get, findobj, gca, gcf, gco, newplot, cla, clf, and close. The HandleVisibility property also controls the visibility of the object’s handle in the parent figure's CurrentObject property. Objects are valid even if they are not visible. If you can access an object, you can set and get its properties, and pass it to any function that operates on objects.

HandleVisibility ValueDescription
'on'The object handle is always visible.
'callback'The object handle is visible from within callbacks or functions invoked by callbacks, but not from within functions invoked from the command line. This option blocks access to the object at the command line, but allows callback functions to access it.
'off'The object handle is invisible at all times. This option is useful for preventing unintended changes to the UI by another function. Set the HandleVisibility to 'off' to temporarily hide the handle during the execution of that function.

Identifiers

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This property is read-only.

Type of graphics object, returned as 'uicontextmenu'.

Object identifier, specified as a character vector or string scalar. You can specify a unique Tag value to serve as an identifier for an object. When you need access to the object elsewhere in your code, you can use the findobj function to search for the object based on the Tag value.

User data, specified as any array. Specifying UserData can be useful for sharing data within apps. See Share Data Among Callbacks for more information.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a

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