Climate change poses financial risks that arise from shifts in the political, technological, social, and economic landscape that are likely to occur during the transition to a low-carbon economy. One of the global community’s most significant contemporary challenges is the need to satisfy growing energy and food demand while simultaneously achieving very significant reductions in the greenhouse gas emissions and sustainable development. In pursuing this goal, decision makers need to make strategic choices that address both physical risks (damage from extreme events such as fires, floods, droughts, and sea-level rise) and transition risks (financially consequential shifts in political, technological, social, and economic landscapes in the transition to a low‑carbon future). Energy-economic models can be used to support decision makers in quantifying these risks by integrating across systems, sectors, and scales. Learn about a framework for addressing climate-related financial risks where scenario analysis plays a key role in climate risk management.